{"id":3823,"date":"2026-05-19T13:18:32","date_gmt":"2026-05-19T13:18:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijaise\/?post_type=journal_article&#038;p=3823"},"modified":"2026-05-19T13:18:33","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T13:18:33","slug":"evaluating-industrial-robots-as-a-strategy-for-manufacturing-cost-optimization-in-lafarge-cement-company-calabar","status":"publish","type":"journal_article","link":"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijaise\/journal_article\/evaluating-industrial-robots-as-a-strategy-for-manufacturing-cost-optimization-in-lafarge-cement-company-calabar\/","title":{"rendered":"Evaluating Industrial Robots as A Strategy for Manufacturing Cost Optimization in Lafarge Cement Company, Calabar"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ekpenyong Victor Bassey<sup> 1<\/sup> &amp; Prof. G.O. Mbah<sup> 2<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><em>The study evaluated the use of industrial robots as a strategy for manufacturing cost optimization at Lafarge Cement, Calabar, driven by the growing global demand for efficient, cost-effective, and technologically advanced manufacturing systems. The research focused on robotic adoption, its impact on production efficiency and product quality, cost reduction, and implementation challenges. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from a population of 1,124 technical and operations personnel, with a sample size of 287 determined via Taro Yamane\u2019s formula and selected through proportionate stratified and purposive sampling across four departments. Primary data were gathered through structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, while secondary data were obtained from maintenance and production records spanning 2021\u20132025, sourced from maintenance logs and financial reports tracking key performance indicators such as equipment availability, mean time between failures, production efficiency, energy consumption, and product quality. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and one-sample t-tests at a 0.05 significance level were used to analyze survey data, while secondary data were analyzed through trend analysis and comparative evaluation to assess pre- and post-robotics performance. These combined methods enabled a comprehensive evaluation of both survey responses and operational data. Findings indicated moderate robotic adoption (mean = 3.23), significant improvements in production efficiency and product quality (mean = 3.98), and meaningful cost reduction (mean = 3.90), with notable implementation challenges (mean = 3.90). Three of four null hypotheses were rejected, confirming robotics\u2019 significant influence on efficiency, quality, and cost, while the hypothesis on adoption level was not rejected. The study concludes that industrial robotics have strong potential to optimize cement manufacturing operations but require overcoming structural and technical barriers, offering valuable insights for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers aiming to modernize manufacturing in emerging economies.<\/em><em>&nbsp;<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Keywords:&nbsp; <\/em><\/strong><em>Industrial Robots, Cost Optimization, Production efficiency, Production quality, Cost reduction, Lafarge Cement<\/em><strong><em>Cite<\/em><\/strong><em>: <\/em>Ekpenyong, V. B. &amp; Mbah, G.O.<em>(2026).<\/em> Evaluating Industrial Robots as A Strategy for Manufacturing Cost Optimization in Lafarge Cement Company, Calabar.<em> International Journal of Applied Innovations in Science and Engineering,4 (3), 37-59. <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.20261922\"><em>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.20261922<\/em><\/a><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijaise\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/05\/IJAISE_4337-59.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of IJAISE_43,37-59.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-9aef6214-97d3-4d55-ac81-7d4abbc23430\" href=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijaise\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/05\/IJAISE_4337-59.pdf\">IJAISE_43,37-59<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijaise\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/05\/IJAISE_4337-59.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-9aef6214-97d3-4d55-ac81-7d4abbc23430\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"template":"","journal_article_cats":[242],"class_list":["post-3823","journal_article","type-journal_article","status-publish","hentry","journal_article_cat-vol-4-no-3"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.1 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Evaluating Industrial Robots as A Strategy for Manufacturing Cost Optimization in Lafarge Cement Company, Calabar - International Journal of Applied Innovations in Science and Engineering<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The study evaluated the use of industrial robots as a strategy for manufacturing cost optimization at Lafarge Cement, Calabar, driven by the growing global demand for efficient, cost-effective, and technologically advanced manufacturing systems. The research focused on robotic adoption, its impact on production efficiency and product quality, cost reduction, and implementation challenges. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from a population of 1,124 technical and operations personnel, with a sample size of 287 determined via Taro Yamane\u2019s formula and selected through proportionate stratified and purposive sampling across four departments. Primary data were gathered through structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, while secondary data were obtained from maintenance and production records spanning 2021\u20132025, sourced from maintenance logs and financial reports tracking key performance indicators such as equipment availability, mean time between failures, production efficiency, energy consumption, and product quality. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and one-sample t-tests at a 0.05 significance level were used to analyze survey data, while secondary data were analyzed through trend analysis and comparative evaluation to assess pre- and post-robotics performance. These combined methods enabled a comprehensive evaluation of both survey responses and operational data. Findings indicated moderate robotic adoption (mean = 3.23), significant improvements in production efficiency and product quality (mean = 3.98), and meaningful cost reduction (mean = 3.90), with notable implementation challenges (mean = 3.90). Three of four null hypotheses were rejected, confirming robotics\u2019 significant influence on efficiency, quality, and cost, while the hypothesis on adoption level was not rejected. The study concludes that industrial robotics have strong potential to optimize cement manufacturing operations but require overcoming structural and technical barriers, offering valuable insights for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers aiming to modernize manufacturing in emerging economies.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijaise\/journal_article\/evaluating-industrial-robots-as-a-strategy-for-manufacturing-cost-optimization-in-lafarge-cement-company-calabar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Evaluating Industrial Robots as A Strategy for Manufacturing Cost Optimization in Lafarge Cement Company, Calabar\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The study evaluated the use of industrial robots as a strategy for manufacturing cost optimization at Lafarge Cement, Calabar, driven by the growing global demand for efficient, cost-effective, and technologically advanced manufacturing systems. The research focused on robotic adoption, its impact on production efficiency and product quality, cost reduction, and implementation challenges. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from a population of 1,124 technical and operations personnel, with a sample size of 287 determined via Taro Yamane\u2019s formula and selected through proportionate stratified and purposive sampling across four departments. Primary data were gathered through structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, while secondary data were obtained from maintenance and production records spanning 2021\u20132025, sourced from maintenance logs and financial reports tracking key performance indicators such as equipment availability, mean time between failures, production efficiency, energy consumption, and product quality. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and one-sample t-tests at a 0.05 significance level were used to analyze survey data, while secondary data were analyzed through trend analysis and comparative evaluation to assess pre- and post-robotics performance. These combined methods enabled a comprehensive evaluation of both survey responses and operational data. Findings indicated moderate robotic adoption (mean = 3.23), significant improvements in production efficiency and product quality (mean = 3.98), and meaningful cost reduction (mean = 3.90), with notable implementation challenges (mean = 3.90). Three of four null hypotheses were rejected, confirming robotics\u2019 significant influence on efficiency, quality, and cost, while the hypothesis on adoption level was not rejected. The study concludes that industrial robotics have strong potential to optimize cement manufacturing operations but require overcoming structural and technical barriers, offering valuable insights for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers aiming to modernize manufacturing in emerging economies.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijaise\/journal_article\/evaluating-industrial-robots-as-a-strategy-for-manufacturing-cost-optimization-in-lafarge-cement-company-calabar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"International Journal of Applied Innovations in Science and Engineering\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-05-19T13:18:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijaise\\\/journal_article\\\/evaluating-industrial-robots-as-a-strategy-for-manufacturing-cost-optimization-in-lafarge-cement-company-calabar\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijaise\\\/journal_article\\\/evaluating-industrial-robots-as-a-strategy-for-manufacturing-cost-optimization-in-lafarge-cement-company-calabar\\\/\",\"name\":\"Evaluating Industrial Robots as A Strategy for Manufacturing Cost Optimization in Lafarge Cement Company, Calabar - International Journal of Applied Innovations in Science and Engineering\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijaise\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-05-19T13:18:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-05-19T13:18:33+00:00\",\"description\":\"The study evaluated the use of industrial robots as a strategy for manufacturing cost optimization at Lafarge Cement, Calabar, driven by the growing global demand for efficient, cost-effective, and technologically advanced manufacturing systems. The research focused on robotic adoption, its impact on production efficiency and product quality, cost reduction, and implementation challenges. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from a population of 1,124 technical and operations personnel, with a sample size of 287 determined via Taro Yamane\u2019s formula and selected through proportionate stratified and purposive sampling across four departments. Primary data were gathered through structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, while secondary data were obtained from maintenance and production records spanning 2021\u20132025, sourced from maintenance logs and financial reports tracking key performance indicators such as equipment availability, mean time between failures, production efficiency, energy consumption, and product quality. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and one-sample t-tests at a 0.05 significance level were used to analyze survey data, while secondary data were analyzed through trend analysis and comparative evaluation to assess pre- and post-robotics performance. These combined methods enabled a comprehensive evaluation of both survey responses and operational data. Findings indicated moderate robotic adoption (mean = 3.23), significant improvements in production efficiency and product quality (mean = 3.98), and meaningful cost reduction (mean = 3.90), with notable implementation challenges (mean = 3.90). Three of four null hypotheses were rejected, confirming robotics\u2019 significant influence on efficiency, quality, and cost, while the hypothesis on adoption level was not rejected. The study concludes that industrial robotics have strong potential to optimize cement manufacturing operations but require overcoming structural and technical barriers, offering valuable insights for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers aiming to modernize manufacturing in emerging economies.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijaise\\\/journal_article\\\/evaluating-industrial-robots-as-a-strategy-for-manufacturing-cost-optimization-in-lafarge-cement-company-calabar\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijaise\\\/journal_article\\\/evaluating-industrial-robots-as-a-strategy-for-manufacturing-cost-optimization-in-lafarge-cement-company-calabar\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijaise\\\/journal_article\\\/evaluating-industrial-robots-as-a-strategy-for-manufacturing-cost-optimization-in-lafarge-cement-company-calabar\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijaise\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Evaluating Industrial Robots as A Strategy for Manufacturing Cost Optimization in Lafarge Cement Company, Calabar\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijaise\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijaise\\\/\",\"name\":\"International Journal of Applied Innovations in Science and Engineering\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijaise\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Evaluating Industrial Robots as A Strategy for Manufacturing Cost Optimization in Lafarge Cement Company, Calabar - International Journal of Applied Innovations in Science and Engineering","description":"The study evaluated the use of industrial robots as a strategy for manufacturing cost optimization at Lafarge Cement, Calabar, driven by the growing global demand for efficient, cost-effective, and technologically advanced manufacturing systems. The research focused on robotic adoption, its impact on production efficiency and product quality, cost reduction, and implementation challenges. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from a population of 1,124 technical and operations personnel, with a sample size of 287 determined via Taro Yamane\u2019s formula and selected through proportionate stratified and purposive sampling across four departments. Primary data were gathered through structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, while secondary data were obtained from maintenance and production records spanning 2021\u20132025, sourced from maintenance logs and financial reports tracking key performance indicators such as equipment availability, mean time between failures, production efficiency, energy consumption, and product quality. 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