{"id":3836,"date":"2026-07-26T13:02:41","date_gmt":"2026-07-26T13:02:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijaise\/?post_type=journal_article&#038;p=3836"},"modified":"2026-07-31T23:54:00","modified_gmt":"2026-07-31T23:54:00","slug":"evaluation-of-risk-management-practices-in-nigeria-liquefied-natural-gas-plant-maintenance-in-bonny-island-rivers-state-nigeria","status":"publish","type":"journal_article","link":"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijaise\/journal_article\/evaluation-of-risk-management-practices-in-nigeria-liquefied-natural-gas-plant-maintenance-in-bonny-island-rivers-state-nigeria\/","title":{"rendered":"Evaluation of Risk Management Practices in Nigeria Liquefied Natural Gas Plant Maintenance in Bonny Island Rivers State Nigeria"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ajaero, Simeon Chinedum<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><em>This study evaluated risk management practices in civil infrastructure maintenance at Nigeria LNG Limited (NLNG), Bonny Island, Rivers State, with the aim of improving asset reliability and sustainable plant operations. The study specifically identified the major risks inherent in civil infrastructure maintenance, examined the risk management practices adopted, assessed the challenges affecting their effectiveness, and proposed sustainable strategies for improvement. The study was anchored on Risk Management Theory, Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) Theory, and Asset Lifecycle Theory. A descriptive and analytical survey research design was adopted, while primary data were collected through structured questionnaires and interviews administered to fourteen (14) respondents selected from a population of fifteen (15) using the Taro Yamane formula. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Relative Importance Index (RII), and Spearman Rank Correlation at a 5% level of significance. The findings revealed that corrosion, environmental exposure, ageing infrastructure, and harsh marine conditions constitute the major risks affecting civil infrastructure maintenance at NLNG. Routine inspections, preventive maintenance, risk assessments, Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM), and Risk-Based Maintenance (RBM) were identified as the principal risk management practices adopted, while inadequate maintenance funding, shortage of skilled personnel, operational pressures, ageing infrastructure, and limited deployment of digital monitoring technologies were found to hinder effective risk management. The study further established that sustainable practices such as predictive maintenance, lifecycle planning, digital monitoring systems, continuous staff training, and improved interdepartmental coordination significantly enhance infrastructure reliability and maintenance effectiveness. The study concluded that strengthening risk-based and technology-driven maintenance approaches is essential for improving asset integrity, operational safety, and sustainable plant operations at NLNG, and recommended greater investment in predictive maintenance technologies, maintenance funding, personnel development, and integrated risk management systems.<\/em><em><\/em><em>&nbsp;<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Keywords: <\/em><\/strong><em>Risk management, Civil Infrastructure Maintenance, Nigeria LNG Limited (NLNG), Asset reliability, Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM), Risk-Based Maintenance (RBM).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Cite<\/em><\/strong><em>: <\/em>Ajaero, S. C.<em> (2026).<\/em> Evaluation of Risk Management Practices in Nigeria Liquefied Natural Gas Plant Maintenance in Bonny Island Rivers State Nigeria.<em> International Journal of Applied Innovations in Science and Engineering,4<\/em>(3), <em>101-128<\/em>.  <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.21601816\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.21601816<\/a>  <em> \u00a0<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijaise\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/07\/IJAISE_43101-128.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of IJAISE_43,101-128.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-2692db2c-f809-4248-a6fc-fb07699b58db\" href=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijaise\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/07\/IJAISE_43101-128.pdf\">IJAISE_43,101-128<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijaise\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/07\/IJAISE_43101-128.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-2692db2c-f809-4248-a6fc-fb07699b58db\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"template":"","journal_article_cats":[242],"class_list":["post-3836","journal_article","type-journal_article","status-publish","hentry","journal_article_cat-vol-4-no-3"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.1 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Evaluation of Risk Management Practices in Nigeria Liquefied Natural Gas Plant Maintenance in Bonny Island Rivers State Nigeria - International Journal of Applied Innovations in Science and Engineering<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This study evaluated risk management practices in civil infrastructure maintenance at Nigeria LNG Limited (NLNG), Bonny Island, Rivers State, with the aim of improving asset reliability and sustainable plant operations. The study specifically identified the major risks inherent in civil infrastructure maintenance, examined the risk management practices adopted, assessed the challenges affecting their effectiveness, and proposed sustainable strategies for improvement. The study was anchored on Risk Management Theory, Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) Theory, and Asset Lifecycle Theory. A descriptive and analytical survey research design was adopted, while primary data were collected through structured questionnaires and interviews administered to fourteen (14) respondents selected from a population of fifteen (15) using the Taro Yamane formula. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Relative Importance Index (RII), and Spearman Rank Correlation at a 5% level of significance. The findings revealed that corrosion, environmental exposure, ageing infrastructure, and harsh marine conditions constitute the major risks affecting civil infrastructure maintenance at NLNG. Routine inspections, preventive maintenance, risk assessments, Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM), and Risk-Based Maintenance (RBM) were identified as the principal risk management practices adopted, while inadequate maintenance funding, shortage of skilled personnel, operational pressures, ageing infrastructure, and limited deployment of digital monitoring technologies were found to hinder effective risk management. The study further established that sustainable practices such as predictive maintenance, lifecycle planning, digital monitoring systems, continuous staff training, and improved interdepartmental coordination significantly enhance infrastructure reliability and maintenance effectiveness. The study concluded that strengthening risk-based and technology-driven maintenance approaches is essential for improving asset integrity, operational safety, and sustainable plant operations at NLNG, and recommended greater investment in predictive maintenance technologies, maintenance funding, personnel development, and integrated risk management systems.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijaise\/journal_article\/evaluation-of-risk-management-practices-in-nigeria-liquefied-natural-gas-plant-maintenance-in-bonny-island-rivers-state-nigeria\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Evaluation of Risk Management Practices in Nigeria Liquefied Natural Gas Plant Maintenance in Bonny Island Rivers State Nigeria\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This study evaluated risk management practices in civil infrastructure maintenance at Nigeria LNG Limited (NLNG), Bonny Island, Rivers State, with the aim of improving asset reliability and sustainable plant operations. The study specifically identified the major risks inherent in civil infrastructure maintenance, examined the risk management practices adopted, assessed the challenges affecting their effectiveness, and proposed sustainable strategies for improvement. The study was anchored on Risk Management Theory, Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) Theory, and Asset Lifecycle Theory. A descriptive and analytical survey research design was adopted, while primary data were collected through structured questionnaires and interviews administered to fourteen (14) respondents selected from a population of fifteen (15) using the Taro Yamane formula. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Relative Importance Index (RII), and Spearman Rank Correlation at a 5% level of significance. The findings revealed that corrosion, environmental exposure, ageing infrastructure, and harsh marine conditions constitute the major risks affecting civil infrastructure maintenance at NLNG. Routine inspections, preventive maintenance, risk assessments, Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM), and Risk-Based Maintenance (RBM) were identified as the principal risk management practices adopted, while inadequate maintenance funding, shortage of skilled personnel, operational pressures, ageing infrastructure, and limited deployment of digital monitoring technologies were found to hinder effective risk management. The study further established that sustainable practices such as predictive maintenance, lifecycle planning, digital monitoring systems, continuous staff training, and improved interdepartmental coordination significantly enhance infrastructure reliability and maintenance effectiveness. The study concluded that strengthening risk-based and technology-driven maintenance approaches is essential for improving asset integrity, operational safety, and sustainable plant operations at NLNG, and recommended greater investment in predictive maintenance technologies, maintenance funding, personnel development, and integrated risk management systems.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijaise\/journal_article\/evaluation-of-risk-management-practices-in-nigeria-liquefied-natural-gas-plant-maintenance-in-bonny-island-rivers-state-nigeria\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"International Journal of Applied Innovations in Science and Engineering\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-31T23:54:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijaise\\\/journal_article\\\/evaluation-of-risk-management-practices-in-nigeria-liquefied-natural-gas-plant-maintenance-in-bonny-island-rivers-state-nigeria\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijaise\\\/journal_article\\\/evaluation-of-risk-management-practices-in-nigeria-liquefied-natural-gas-plant-maintenance-in-bonny-island-rivers-state-nigeria\\\/\",\"name\":\"Evaluation of Risk Management Practices in Nigeria Liquefied Natural Gas Plant Maintenance in Bonny Island Rivers State Nigeria - International Journal of Applied Innovations in Science and Engineering\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijaise\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-26T13:02:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-31T23:54:00+00:00\",\"description\":\"This study evaluated risk management practices in civil infrastructure maintenance at Nigeria LNG Limited (NLNG), Bonny Island, Rivers State, with the aim of improving asset reliability and sustainable plant operations. The study specifically identified the major risks inherent in civil infrastructure maintenance, examined the risk management practices adopted, assessed the challenges affecting their effectiveness, and proposed sustainable strategies for improvement. The study was anchored on Risk Management Theory, Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) Theory, and Asset Lifecycle Theory. A descriptive and analytical survey research design was adopted, while primary data were collected through structured questionnaires and interviews administered to fourteen (14) respondents selected from a population of fifteen (15) using the Taro Yamane formula. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Relative Importance Index (RII), and Spearman Rank Correlation at a 5% level of significance. The findings revealed that corrosion, environmental exposure, ageing infrastructure, and harsh marine conditions constitute the major risks affecting civil infrastructure maintenance at NLNG. Routine inspections, preventive maintenance, risk assessments, Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM), and Risk-Based Maintenance (RBM) were identified as the principal risk management practices adopted, while inadequate maintenance funding, shortage of skilled personnel, operational pressures, ageing infrastructure, and limited deployment of digital monitoring technologies were found to hinder effective risk management. The study further established that sustainable practices such as predictive maintenance, lifecycle planning, digital monitoring systems, continuous staff training, and improved interdepartmental coordination significantly enhance infrastructure reliability and maintenance effectiveness. 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The study specifically identified the major risks inherent in civil infrastructure maintenance, examined the risk management practices adopted, assessed the challenges affecting their effectiveness, and proposed sustainable strategies for improvement. The study was anchored on Risk Management Theory, Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) Theory, and Asset Lifecycle Theory. A descriptive and analytical survey research design was adopted, while primary data were collected through structured questionnaires and interviews administered to fourteen (14) respondents selected from a population of fifteen (15) using the Taro Yamane formula. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Relative Importance Index (RII), and Spearman Rank Correlation at a 5% level of significance. The findings revealed that corrosion, environmental exposure, ageing infrastructure, and harsh marine conditions constitute the major risks affecting civil infrastructure maintenance at NLNG. Routine inspections, preventive maintenance, risk assessments, Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM), and Risk-Based Maintenance (RBM) were identified as the principal risk management practices adopted, while inadequate maintenance funding, shortage of skilled personnel, operational pressures, ageing infrastructure, and limited deployment of digital monitoring technologies were found to hinder effective risk management. The study further established that sustainable practices such as predictive maintenance, lifecycle planning, digital monitoring systems, continuous staff training, and improved interdepartmental coordination significantly enhance infrastructure reliability and maintenance effectiveness. 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