{"id":3814,"date":"2025-12-16T14:02:32","date_gmt":"2025-12-16T14:02:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/?post_type=journal_article&#038;p=3814"},"modified":"2025-12-24T02:09:07","modified_gmt":"2025-12-24T02:09:07","slug":"technological-innovation-and-risk-management-efficiency-of-food-and-beverage-firms-of-enugu-state","status":"publish","type":"journal_article","link":"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/journal_article\/technological-innovation-and-risk-management-efficiency-of-food-and-beverage-firms-of-enugu-state\/","title":{"rendered":"Technological Innovation and Risk Management Efficiency of Food and Beverage Firms of Enugu State"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Onyeka-Udeh Virginia<sup> 1<\/sup> Bill-Uchegbue Susan Ekelechi<sup> 2<\/sup>\u00a0 &amp; Abiakwe Joseph Uzoma<sup> 3<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><em>The study evaluated the technological innovation and risk management efficiency of food and beverage firms in Enugu State. The specific objectives were to examine the effect of automation on the incidence of stockouts and to evaluate the effect of blockchain tracking on the frequency of fraud in food and beverage firms in Enugu State. The study adopted a descriptive survey design, and primary data were collected through the administration of a questionnaire. The total population of the study comprised 1,282 employees of the selected firms. A sample size of 297 was determined using the Ferund and Williams formula. A total of 284 questionnaires were returned and correctly completed. Data were presented and analyzed, and the hypotheses were tested using the Z-test. The findings indicated that automation had a significant positive effect on the incidence of stockouts (Z = 9.672, p = .05), and blockchain tracking had a significant positive effect on the frequency of fraud in food and beverage firms in Enugu State (Z = 11.452, p = .05). The study concluded that automation and blockchain tracking significantly improved the management of stockouts and fraud within the industry. It recommended, among other things, that food and beverage firms in Enugu State should invest in automation technologies to enhance inventory management, reduce the incidence of stockouts, and promote consistent product availability and customer satisfaction.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><\/strong><strong><em>Keywords:&nbsp; <\/em><\/strong><em>Automation, Blockchain Tracking, Efficiency, Innovation, Risk Management &amp; Enugu State.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/12\/IJOIS_3117-29.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of IJOIS_31,17-29.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-1a1e3c1b-9acc-4742-91b9-61aebbe84e0d\" href=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/12\/IJOIS_3117-29.pdf\">IJOIS_31,17-29<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/12\/IJOIS_3117-29.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-1a1e3c1b-9acc-4742-91b9-61aebbe84e0d\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"template":"","journal_article_cats":[221],"class_list":["post-3814","journal_article","type-journal_article","status-publish","hentry","journal_article_cat-vol-3-no-1"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.1 (Yoast SEO v26.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Technological Innovation and Risk Management Efficiency of Food and Beverage Firms of Enugu State - International Journal of Organizational Intelligence and Systems (IJOIS)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The study evaluated the technological innovation and risk management efficiency of food and beverage firms in Enugu State. The specific objectives were to examine the effect of automation on the incidence of stockouts and to evaluate the effect of blockchain tracking on the frequency of fraud in food and beverage firms in Enugu State. The study adopted a descriptive survey design, and primary data were collected through the administration of a questionnaire. The total population of the study comprised 1,282 employees of the selected firms. A sample size of 297 was determined using the Ferund and Williams formula. A total of 284 questionnaires were returned and correctly completed. Data were presented and analyzed, and the hypotheses were tested using the Z-test. The findings indicated that automation had a significant positive effect on the incidence of stockouts (Z = 9.672, p = .05), and blockchain tracking had a significant positive effect on the frequency of fraud in food and beverage firms in Enugu State (Z = 11.452, p = .05). The study concluded that automation and blockchain tracking significantly improved the management of stockouts and fraud within the industry. It recommended, among other things, that food and beverage firms in Enugu State should invest in automation technologies to enhance inventory management, reduce the incidence of stockouts, and promote consistent product availability and customer satisfaction.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/journal_article\/technological-innovation-and-risk-management-efficiency-of-food-and-beverage-firms-of-enugu-state\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Technological Innovation and Risk Management Efficiency of Food and Beverage Firms of Enugu State\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The study evaluated the technological innovation and risk management efficiency of food and beverage firms in Enugu State. The specific objectives were to examine the effect of automation on the incidence of stockouts and to evaluate the effect of blockchain tracking on the frequency of fraud in food and beverage firms in Enugu State. The study adopted a descriptive survey design, and primary data were collected through the administration of a questionnaire. The total population of the study comprised 1,282 employees of the selected firms. A sample size of 297 was determined using the Ferund and Williams formula. A total of 284 questionnaires were returned and correctly completed. Data were presented and analyzed, and the hypotheses were tested using the Z-test. The findings indicated that automation had a significant positive effect on the incidence of stockouts (Z = 9.672, p = .05), and blockchain tracking had a significant positive effect on the frequency of fraud in food and beverage firms in Enugu State (Z = 11.452, p = .05). The study concluded that automation and blockchain tracking significantly improved the management of stockouts and fraud within the industry. It recommended, among other things, that food and beverage firms in Enugu State should invest in automation technologies to enhance inventory management, reduce the incidence of stockouts, and promote consistent product availability and customer satisfaction.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/journal_article\/technological-innovation-and-risk-management-efficiency-of-food-and-beverage-firms-of-enugu-state\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"International Journal of Organizational Intelligence and Systems (IJOIS)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-12-24T02:09:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/journal_article\/technological-innovation-and-risk-management-efficiency-of-food-and-beverage-firms-of-enugu-state\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/journal_article\/technological-innovation-and-risk-management-efficiency-of-food-and-beverage-firms-of-enugu-state\/\",\"name\":\"Technological Innovation and Risk Management Efficiency of Food and Beverage Firms of Enugu State - International Journal of Organizational Intelligence and Systems (IJOIS)\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-16T14:02:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-24T02:09:07+00:00\",\"description\":\"The study evaluated the technological innovation and risk management efficiency of food and beverage firms in Enugu State. The specific objectives were to examine the effect of automation on the incidence of stockouts and to evaluate the effect of blockchain tracking on the frequency of fraud in food and beverage firms in Enugu State. The study adopted a descriptive survey design, and primary data were collected through the administration of a questionnaire. The total population of the study comprised 1,282 employees of the selected firms. A sample size of 297 was determined using the Ferund and Williams formula. A total of 284 questionnaires were returned and correctly completed. Data were presented and analyzed, and the hypotheses were tested using the Z-test. The findings indicated that automation had a significant positive effect on the incidence of stockouts (Z = 9.672, p = .05), and blockchain tracking had a significant positive effect on the frequency of fraud in food and beverage firms in Enugu State (Z = 11.452, p = .05). The study concluded that automation and blockchain tracking significantly improved the management of stockouts and fraud within the industry. It recommended, among other things, that food and beverage firms in Enugu State should invest in automation technologies to enhance inventory management, reduce the incidence of stockouts, and promote consistent product availability and customer satisfaction.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/journal_article\/technological-innovation-and-risk-management-efficiency-of-food-and-beverage-firms-of-enugu-state\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/journal_article\/technological-innovation-and-risk-management-efficiency-of-food-and-beverage-firms-of-enugu-state\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/journal_article\/technological-innovation-and-risk-management-efficiency-of-food-and-beverage-firms-of-enugu-state\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Technological Innovation and Risk Management Efficiency of Food and Beverage Firms of Enugu State\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/\",\"name\":\"International Journal of Organizational Intelligence and Systems (IJOIS)\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijois\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Technological Innovation and Risk Management Efficiency of Food and Beverage Firms of Enugu State - International Journal of Organizational Intelligence and Systems (IJOIS)","description":"The study evaluated the technological innovation and risk management efficiency of food and beverage firms in Enugu State. 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