{"id":3834,"date":"2026-07-26T14:40:58","date_gmt":"2026-07-26T14:40:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijrpst\/?post_type=journal_article&#038;p=3834"},"modified":"2026-07-26T14:40:59","modified_gmt":"2026-07-26T14:40:59","slug":"herders-farmers-conflicts-and-livelihood-in-enugu-state-nigeria","status":"publish","type":"journal_article","link":"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijrpst\/journal_article\/herders-farmers-conflicts-and-livelihood-in-enugu-state-nigeria\/","title":{"rendered":"Herders\/Farmers Conflicts and Livelihood in Enugu State, Nigeria"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Aluu, Donald Oko<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><em>The occasionally reported conflicts between Fulani herders and farmers in Nigeria, has been around for some time now. Conflict among the farming community, both the crop farmers and the cattle farmers had affected the economy. This had led to the study herders\/farmers conflict and livelihood in Enugu State, Nigeria. The specific objectives are to; examine the relationship between growing land pressure and human capital; assess the relationship between dispossession and financial capital in Enugu State. The population for the study was one two hundred and ninety-nine (299) persons. The whole population was used due to small number. A survey design was adopted for the study. Instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire and interviews. A total of two hundred and ninety-nine (299) copies of questionnaire were distributed while two hundred and eighteen (218) copies of questionnaire were returned. Pearson correlation(r) was used to test the hypotheses. The findings indicated that there was significant relationship between growing land pressure and human capital (r=. 425 &lt; .760, p&lt;.05). There was significant relationship between dispossession and financial capital, (r=. 459 &lt; .721, p&lt;.05). The study concluded that growing land pressure and dispossession, had a significant relationship betweenhuman capital and financial capital. The study recommended among others thatGovernment should formulate a policy that will stimulate peace among crop farmers and pastoralist to sustain food security and reduce poverty among rural dwellers, thereby transforming the rural environment into an attractive centre.<\/em><em><\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Keywords: <\/em><\/strong><em>Herders\u2013Farmers Conflict, Livelihood, Land Pressure, Human Capital, Financial Capital<\/em><strong><em>Cite<\/em><\/strong><em>: <\/em>Aluu, D. O.(2026). Herders\/Farmers Conflicts and Livelihood in Enugu State, Nigeria.<em> International Journal of Religion, Peace, and Social Transformation,4 (1), 63-84.&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.21604320\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.21604320<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijrpst\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/07\/IJRPST_4263-84.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of IJRPST_42,63-84.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-d07b8abe-b356-4943-b402-db219a37819b\" href=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijrpst\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/07\/IJRPST_4263-84.pdf\">IJRPST_42,63-84<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijrpst\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/07\/IJRPST_4263-84.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-d07b8abe-b356-4943-b402-db219a37819b\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"template":"","journal_article_cats":[234],"class_list":["post-3834","journal_article","type-journal_article","status-publish","hentry","journal_article_cat-vol-4-no-1"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.1 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Herders\/Farmers Conflicts and Livelihood in Enugu State, Nigeria - International Journal of Religion, Peace, and Social Transformation (IJRPST)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The occasionally reported conflicts between Fulani herders and farmers in Nigeria, has been around for some time now. Conflict among the farming community, both the crop farmers and the cattle farmers had affected the economy. This had led to the study herders\/farmers conflict and livelihood in Enugu State, Nigeria. The specific objectives are to; examine the relationship between growing land pressure and human capital; assess the relationship between dispossession and financial capital in Enugu State. The population for the study was one two hundred and ninety-nine (299) persons. The whole population was used due to small number. A survey design was adopted for the study. Instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire and interviews. A total of two hundred and ninety-nine (299) copies of questionnaire were distributed while two hundred and eighteen (218) copies of questionnaire were returned. Pearson correlation(r) was used to test the hypotheses. The findings indicated that there was significant relationship between growing land pressure and human capital (r=. 425 &lt; .760, p&lt;.05). There was significant relationship between dispossession and financial capital, (r=. 459 &lt; .721, p&lt;.05). The study concluded that growing land pressure and dispossession, had a significant relationship between human capital and financial capital. The study recommended among others that Government should formulate a policy that will stimulate peace among crop farmers and pastoralist to sustain food security and reduce poverty among rural dwellers, thereby transforming the rural environment into an attractive centre.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijrpst\/journal_article\/herders-farmers-conflicts-and-livelihood-in-enugu-state-nigeria\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Herders\/Farmers Conflicts and Livelihood in Enugu State, Nigeria\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The occasionally reported conflicts between Fulani herders and farmers in Nigeria, has been around for some time now. Conflict among the farming community, both the crop farmers and the cattle farmers had affected the economy. This had led to the study herders\/farmers conflict and livelihood in Enugu State, Nigeria. The specific objectives are to; examine the relationship between growing land pressure and human capital; assess the relationship between dispossession and financial capital in Enugu State. The population for the study was one two hundred and ninety-nine (299) persons. The whole population was used due to small number. A survey design was adopted for the study. Instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire and interviews. A total of two hundred and ninety-nine (299) copies of questionnaire were distributed while two hundred and eighteen (218) copies of questionnaire were returned. Pearson correlation(r) was used to test the hypotheses. The findings indicated that there was significant relationship between growing land pressure and human capital (r=. 425 &lt; .760, p&lt;.05). There was significant relationship between dispossession and financial capital, (r=. 459 &lt; .721, p&lt;.05). The study concluded that growing land pressure and dispossession, had a significant relationship between human capital and financial capital. The study recommended among others that Government should formulate a policy that will stimulate peace among crop farmers and pastoralist to sustain food security and reduce poverty among rural dwellers, thereby transforming the rural environment into an attractive centre.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/birpub.org\/ijrpst\/journal_article\/herders-farmers-conflicts-and-livelihood-in-enugu-state-nigeria\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"International Journal of Religion, Peace, and Social Transformation (IJRPST)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-26T14:40:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijrpst\\\/journal_article\\\/herders-farmers-conflicts-and-livelihood-in-enugu-state-nigeria\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijrpst\\\/journal_article\\\/herders-farmers-conflicts-and-livelihood-in-enugu-state-nigeria\\\/\",\"name\":\"Herders\\\/Farmers Conflicts and Livelihood in Enugu State, Nigeria - International Journal of Religion, Peace, and Social Transformation (IJRPST)\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijrpst\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-26T14:40:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-26T14:40:59+00:00\",\"description\":\"The occasionally reported conflicts between Fulani herders and farmers in Nigeria, has been around for some time now. Conflict among the farming community, both the crop farmers and the cattle farmers had affected the economy. This had led to the study herders\\\/farmers conflict and livelihood in Enugu State, Nigeria. The specific objectives are to; examine the relationship between growing land pressure and human capital; assess the relationship between dispossession and financial capital in Enugu State. The population for the study was one two hundred and ninety-nine (299) persons. The whole population was used due to small number. A survey design was adopted for the study. Instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire and interviews. A total of two hundred and ninety-nine (299) copies of questionnaire were distributed while two hundred and eighteen (218) copies of questionnaire were returned. Pearson correlation(r) was used to test the hypotheses. The findings indicated that there was significant relationship between growing land pressure and human capital (r=. 425 &lt; .760, p&lt;.05). There was significant relationship between dispossession and financial capital, (r=. 459 &lt; .721, p&lt;.05). The study concluded that growing land pressure and dispossession, had a significant relationship between human capital and financial capital. The study recommended among others that Government should formulate a policy that will stimulate peace among crop farmers and pastoralist to sustain food security and reduce poverty among rural dwellers, thereby transforming the rural environment into an attractive centre.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijrpst\\\/journal_article\\\/herders-farmers-conflicts-and-livelihood-in-enugu-state-nigeria\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijrpst\\\/journal_article\\\/herders-farmers-conflicts-and-livelihood-in-enugu-state-nigeria\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijrpst\\\/journal_article\\\/herders-farmers-conflicts-and-livelihood-in-enugu-state-nigeria\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijrpst\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Herders\\\/Farmers Conflicts and Livelihood in Enugu State, Nigeria\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijrpst\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijrpst\\\/\",\"name\":\"International Journal of Religion, Peace, and Social Transformation (IJRPST)\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/birpub.org\\\/ijrpst\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Herders\/Farmers Conflicts and Livelihood in Enugu State, Nigeria - International Journal of Religion, Peace, and Social Transformation (IJRPST)","description":"The occasionally reported conflicts between Fulani herders and farmers in Nigeria, has been around for some time now. 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