Birpub Journals publish original research articles, review papers, case studies, short communications, and extended conference papers. Manuscripts should contribute new knowledge, insights, or critical evaluation relevant to their field. Submissions must align with the scope of the chosen journal and adhere to the author guidelines provided on each journal’s website. Manuscripts outside the stated scope may be rejected during initial screening.

Authorship is reserved for individuals who have made a substantial intellectual contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the research. All authors must approve the final version of the manuscript. Each author is responsible for the accuracy and integrity of the work. Ghost authorship, honorary authorship, or undisclosed contributions are strictly prohibited. Authors must disclose any sources of funding, institutional support, or potential conflicts of interest.

All submissions must be original, unpublished, and not under consideration elsewhere. Manuscripts are screened for plagiarism using recognized software. Fabrication, falsification, or misrepresentation of data is considered serious misconduct and will result in rejection or retraction. Duplicate publication, including self-plagiarism beyond acceptable limits, is not permitted. Authors are expected to properly cite all sources and maintain rigorous standards of scholarly integrity.

Research involving human participants must adhere to recognized ethical guidelines, including informed consent and approval from an institutional review board or ethics committee. Studies involving animals must comply with internationally accepted standards for ethical treatment. Authors are required to declare compliance with ethical norms and provide supporting documentation when requested. Any violation of ethical standards will result in rejection or retraction.

Birpub implements a rigorous double-blind peer review. Submissions are initially screened by the editorial team for compliance with journal scope, formatting, and ethical standards. Eligible manuscripts are sent to at least two independent reviewers with expertise in the relevant field. Reviewer comments are provided to authors for revision where necessary. Editors make final decisions based on the reviewers’ recommendations and their professional assessment. Confidentiality is maintained throughout the review process.

Editorial decisions are based solely on scholarly merit. Editors must avoid conflicts of interest and recuse themselves when such conflicts arise. Manuscripts are evaluated without bias related to authors’ nationality, gender, affiliation, or personal beliefs. Editors maintain confidentiality of all submissions and communications.

Birpub Journals operate on an open-access model supported by publication fees. Charges are based on the World Bank country income classification. Low-income economies: $30; middle-income economies: $50; upper-middle-income economies: $70; high-income economies: $100. Fees are payable only through authorized channels specified in the acceptance letter or official correspondence. Articles are published only after receipt and verification of payment.

All articles are published under an open-access model and are freely accessible worldwide. Authors retain copyright but grant Birpub a license to publish and distribute the work. Unless otherwise stated, publications are under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license, allowing sharing, adaptation, and reuse with proper attribution.

Birpub maintains the integrity of the scholarly record through corrections, retractions, and withdrawals. Minor errors are corrected via published notices. Serious issues, including plagiarism or falsified data, result in retraction, with retracted articles remaining accessible but clearly marked. Manuscript withdrawal before peer review is allowed. Withdrawal after acceptance requires formal approval and may incur administrative charges.

Authors are encouraged to share supporting data, supplementary files, and code in publicly accessible repositories to ensure reproducibility and transparency. Where possible, links to datasets should be included in the submission.

Published articles are permanently archived in digital repositories and indexed in recognized academic databases to ensure long-term accessibility and visibility. Authors can be confident that their work will be preserved as part of the permanent scientific record.

All submissions, reviews, and editorial communications are treated as confidential. Editors, reviewers, and staff may not use information from manuscripts for personal gain or disclose it to unauthorized parties. Authors’ personal data is protected and used solely for publication purposes.

Authors may submit formal appeals regarding editorial decisions, providing detailed justification. Appeals are reviewed by senior editors or advisory committees not involved in the original decision. Complaints regarding editorial misconduct, ethical violations, or peer review integrity are handled confidentially and investigated thoroughly. Corrective action is applied when necessary, and outcomes are communicated promptly.

Birpub reserves the right to update this Publication Policy periodically to reflect changes in international publishing standards, ethical requirements, and best practices. Authors, editors, and reviewers are encouraged to consult the latest version of the policy before submission.